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 A Centuries-Old Practice, A Deadly Tradition Description: FGM and Religion: A False Connection -- FGM, or female circumcision as it is also - but incorrectly - known, is practiced by Muslims, Christians, animists, and nonbelievers in a range of communities, often under the mistaken belief that it is a religious dictate. - U.S. Fund for UNICEF 1998 (unicefusa.org) |
| Articles about Female Circumcision Description: Historical articles in U.S. medicine. (noharmm.org) |
| Common Denominators Between Male and Female Circumcision Description: Lists similarities between male and female circumcision. (noharmm.org) |
| Epidemiology Of Female Sexual Castration In Cairo, Egypt Description: In 1985, a group of 350 urban Egyptian women were selected to self-report on their recall of their female sexual castration (FSC) which they experienced as children. (nocirc.org) |
| Erroneous Belief Systems Underlying Female Genital Mutilation in Sub-Saharan Africa and Male Neonatal Circumcision in the United States: a Brief Report Updated Description: Hanny Lightfoot-Klein. Presented at The Third International Symposium on Circumcision, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland May 22-25, 1994. (nocirc.org) |
| Female Circumcision Comes to America Description: by Linda Burstyn - Atlantic Monthly, Oct 1995 - Performed by new immigrants, veiled in deference to a cultural tradition of the developing world, female circumcision is becoming an American problem. (theatlantic.com) |
| Female Circumcision Issues Page Description: The World Health Organization had a conference in February 1979 in Khartoum, Sudan, and unanimously condemned the mutilations as disastrous to womens health and as indefensible on medical as well as humane grounds. In the United States, Rep. Pat Schroeder has written a bill to prohibit female genital mutilation (FGM), H.R. 3247. (eskimo.com) |
| Female Circumcision: Indications and a New Technique Description: This 1959 medical journal article reveals how American medicine condoned female circumcision with arguments similar to those still used today to justify male circumcision. Offers this article for historical reference only, as well as to emphasize these similarities and expose medical arrogance. (noharmm.org) |
| Female Genital Mutilation (Female Circumcision) Description: by ReligiousTolerance.org (religioustolerance.org) |
| Female Genital Mutilation - A Human Rights Information Pack (1998) Description: from Amnesty International (amnesty.org) |
| Female Genital Mutilation: Strategies For Eradication Description: by Fran P. Hosken - Female genital mutilation - the descriptive term for the different types of operations are "excision" and "infibulation" - continues to be practiced in large regions of Africa, from the Red Sea Coast to the shores of the Atlantic. In Indonesia and Malaysia, less drastic forms of "female circumcision" are practiced by some of the Moslem populations of this region and sporadic occurrences have been registered among other mainly Moslem groups. (nocirc.org) |
| First lady celebrates African village that ended female circumcision Description: News Star Online - Apr 2, 1998 - Hillary Rodham Clinton, meeting with villagers who have ended the practice of female circumcision in their community, praised the village for having started "a great movement." (news-star.com) |
| Genital Mutilation & The United Nations: Male And Female Circumcision, Human Rights, & The Restoration Of Spiritual Integrity & Freedom Description: by Anastasios Zavales - The world community is increasingly educated on crimes against humanity, in particular, about individuals practicing genital mutilation, commonly termed circumcision. Genital mutilation affects more than 2 million girl-child victims and more than 13.5 million boy-child victims annually throughout the world. (nocirc.org) |
| Global Women Intact Description: Specializing in female circumcision, genital mutilation, and alternative ritual of passage information. (celebrateclitoris.com) |
| How is Female Circumcision Trivialized? Description: "In the same manner as male circumcision, of course!" - Read an extensive list of medical and lay comments about female circumcision. (noharmm.org) |
| Irin News: Boost for Anti-FGM Effort Description: United Nations humanitarian report from Kenya explains how a series of seminars resulted in the resignation two hundred practitioners of female genital mutilation. Includes outline of the cultural aspects. (oneworld.net) |
| Knuckleheaded Islamic Thought: Female Circumcision Description: An angry commentary. (rjgeib.com) |
| Male and Female Circumcision - Related Pages Description: Anatomy and Function - Commentary - Ethics, Law, Human Rights - Religion - Science and Sociology - Statistics (noharmm.org) |
| Mutilated Humanity Description: by Ashley Montagu - The story of bodily mutilations would occupy a large volume in the story of humankind, and few would be more strange and interesting than those relating to male and female circumcision. (nocirc.org) |
| NPR : Asylum & Genital Mutilation Description: A Nigerian woman is fighting deportation, saying she needs to stay because of her 10-year-old daughter, who is an American citizen. The mother has overstayed her visa by more than a decade. She says she can't leave her daughter in the US, but she says in Nigeria, the girl would be subject to a painful procedure known as female genital mutilation. NPR's Barbara Bradley reports. [4:47 minute Realaudio segment] (discover.npr.org) |
| NPR : Atlanta Female Circumcision Case Stirs Concern Description: The arrest of an Ethiopian citizen in Atlanta, Ga., raises concerns that female circumcision -- a form of genital mutilation common in some African nations -- is being performed on young women in the United States. NPR's Ari Shapiro reports. 5.5 minutes radio segment via Realplayer. (npr.org) |
| NPR : Nigerian Woman Challenges Mutilation Ritual Description: NPR's Libby Lewis reports on a Nigerian woman who is trying to have the practice of female genital mutilation accepted as a violation of the anti-torture convention, which the United States has signed. The woman lives in Dallas, but is here illegally and fighting deportation. The woman's claim is that she and her 3-year-old daughter, who is a U.S. citizen, would likely be subjected to the mutilation ritual which is practiced in some African cultures. If her argument is accepted, it could open the United States to many African women who otherwise could not move here. [4.5 minute Realaudio segment] (discover.npr.org) |
| Senegal bans female circumcision Description: BBC News Online - Dec 23, 1998 - Senegal has banned female circumcision on cultural or religious grounds. Anybody found practising circumcision on girls now faces up to five years in prison. (news.bbc.co.uk) |
| The Rite of Female Circumcision Description: Ethnic NewsWatch - "No one should live in fear of having parts of her genitals sliced off against her will." (africa2000.com) |
| Welcome to Womanhood Description: A video about female circumcision and the effort to stop the practice. - 14 minutes, Grades 10-Adult, Directed by Charlotte Metcalf, Produced by TVE and BBC, 1998, VHS ISBN: 1-56029-755-7 (bullfrogfilms.com) |
